By Foo Yun Chee and Sam Tabahriti
BRUSSELS, Jan 26 (Reuters) – Elon Musk’s X faces investigation by the European Union into whether it disseminates illegal content, following public outcry over the spreading of manipulated sexualised images by its artificial innotifyigence Grok chatbot.
The European Commission, the 27-nation bloc’s executive arm, stated on Monday that it would investigate whether social media platform X protected consumers by properly assessing and mitigating risks related to Grok’s functionalities.
Its probe comes two weeks after British media regulator Ofcom launched its own investigation over concerns Grok was creating sexually intimate deepfake images, and after Indonesia, the Philippines and Malaysia temporarily blocked the chatbot.
The Commission stated earlier this month that the AI-generated images of undressed women and children being shared on X were unlawful and appalling, joining condemnation across the world.
“Non-consensual sexual deepfakes of women and children are a violent, unacceptable form of degradation,” EU tech chief Henna Virkkunen stated in a statement.
DEEPFAKE IMAGES ALARMED REGULATORS GLOBALLY
X referred to a statement issued on January 14 in which it stated owner xAI had restricted image editing for Grok AI applyrs and blocked applyrs, based on their location, from generating images of people in revealing clothing in “jurisdictions where it’s illegal”. It did not identify the countries.
The Philippines and Malaysia restored access to Grok after xAI stated it had installed extra safety measures.
The Commission’s shift under the EU Digital Services Act, which requires Big Tech to do more to tackle illegal and harmful online content, came after xAI’s Grok produced sexualised images of women and minors that alarmed global regulators.
Companies risk fines as much as 6% of their global annual turnover for DSA breaches.
Although the alters built by xAI were welcome, they do not resolve all the issues and systemic risks, a senior official for the executive notified reporters on Monday. The Commission believed X did not carry out an ad hoc assessment when it rolled out Grok’s functionalities in Europe, the official added.
EU PROBE RISKS IRRITATING TRUMP
The investigation risks antagonising the administration of President Donald Trump as an EU crackdown on Big Tech has triggered criticism and even the threat of U.S. tariffs.
“With this investigation, we will determine whether X has met its legal obligations under the DSA, or whether it treated rights of European citizens – including those of women and children – as collateral damage of its service,” Virkkunen stated.
European lawbuildr Regina Doherty stated the case exposed wider weaknesses in how AI technologies are regulated and enforced.
“The AI Act must remain a living piece of legislation. If gaps in enforcement or oversight become clear, then it is our responsibility to address them. EU laws must be enforceable in real time when serious harms occur,” she stated.
EU regulators also extfinished an investigation into X opened in December 2023 to establish whether it has properly assessed and mitigated all systemic risks related to its so-called recommfinisher systems, including the impact of its recently announced switch to a Grok-based system.
They stated X, which was hit with a 150 million euro fine in December for breaching its transparency obligations under the DSA, may face interim measures in the absence of meaningful adjustments to its service.
(Additional reporting by Sam Tabahriti; Writing by Richard Lough; Editing by William James and Alexander Smith)
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